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KMID : 0359320020420020131
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Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
2002 Volume.42 No. 2 p.131 ~ p.136
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A case of fused thoracic Vertebrae, and lumbar vertebrae, sacrum and ilium of African elephant(Loxoodonta africana) were fused one another partially
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Abstract
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The vertebrae of female African elephant (Loxodonta africana) of twenty-eight years old were observed macroscopically. The result was summarized as follows; the vertebral formula of African elephant was C_7 T_21 L_3 S_4 Cd_21. The total length of the vertebral column removed intervertebreal disks was 353 ㎝. The length of each segment of vertebral column was 44 ㎝ in cervical, 142 ㎝ in thoracic, 21 ㎝ in lumbar, 27 ㎝ in sacral and 119 ㎝ in caudal vertebrae. The 17th and 18th thoracic vertebrae (T) were partially fused each other in four parts: the transverse processes of 17th and 18th T, caudal articular process of 17th T and cranial articular process of 18th T, left mammilary process of 18th T and left transverse process of 17th T, and vertebral arch of 17th and 18th T, respectively.
Others partial fusions also observed among the third lumbar, sacrum and ilium. These were in between transverse process of third lumbar vertebra and cranial parts of wing of sacrum, lateral part of sacrum and tuber sacrale, respectively. The sternum was consisted of three pieces; one is a part of anterior presternum, two is the part from caudal demifacet at second facet to cranial demifacet at third facet in middle mesosternum, which is divided vertically into an half at second and third facets, respectively, and the last is the part between caudal demifacet of third facet in middle mesosternum and the posterior xiphisternum. There are 21 paris of ribs, six sternal, ten asternal ribs and the last five being floating ribs.
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